vinext deploy

Deploys your Next.js application to Cloudflare Workers with automatic configuration generation. Handles App Router and Pages Router projects with zero config required.

Usage

vinext deploy [options]

Options

--preview

flag

Deploy to a preview environment instead of production.

vinext deploy --preview

Creates a temporary preview URL for testing before production deployment.

--name

string

Custom Worker name. Defaults to project name from package.json.

vinext deploy --name my-custom-name

Worker names must be lowercase alphanumeric with hyphens.

--skip-build

flag

Skip the build step and deploy existing dist/ output.

vinext deploy --skip-build

Useful when you’ve already built and want to deploy quickly.

--dry-run

flag

Generate config files without building or deploying.

vinext deploy --dry-run

Shows what files would be created: wrangler.jsonc, worker/index.ts, vite.config.ts.

--help

flag

Show help for this command. Can also use -h.

vinext deploy --help

Experimental: Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering (TPR)

TPR is experimental and must be explicitly enabled. Requires a custom domain (zone analytics unavailable on *.workers.dev) and CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN with Zone.Analytics read permission.

--experimental-tpr

flag

Enable Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering using Cloudflare zone analytics.

vinext deploy --experimental-tpr

Pre-renders hot pages into KV cache during deployment based on actual traffic data.

--tpr-coverage

number

default:"90"

Traffic coverage target percentage (0-100).

vinext deploy --experimental-tpr --tpr-coverage 95

Pre-renders enough pages to cover 95% of actual traffic.

--tpr-limit

number

default:"1000"

Hard cap on number of pages to pre-render.

vinext deploy --experimental-tpr --tpr-limit 500

Prevents excessive KV usage on high-traffic sites.

--tpr-window

number

default:"24"

Analytics lookback window in hours.

vinext deploy --experimental-tpr --tpr-window 48

Uses the last 48 hours of traffic data to determine hot pages.

What It Does

The deploy command automates the entire Cloudflare Workers deployment:

// From deploy.ts:698-784
export async function deploy(options: DeployOptions): Promise<void> {
  // 1. Detect project structure (App/Pages Router, ISR usage, etc.)
  const info = detectProject(root);
  
  // 2. Install missing dependencies
  const missingDeps = getMissingDeps(info);
  if (missingDeps.length > 0) {
    installDeps(root, missingDeps);
  }
  
  // 3. Ensure ESM (add "type": "module" to package.json)
  if (!info.hasTypeModule) {
    renameCJSConfigs(root);  // Rename next.config.js → next.config.cjs
    ensureESModule(root);     // Add "type": "module"
  }
  
  // 4. Generate config files if missing
  const filesToGenerate = getFilesToGenerate(info);
  writeGeneratedFiles(filesToGenerate);
  
  // 5. Build for Cloudflare Workers
  if (!options.skipBuild) {
    await runBuild(info);
  }
  
  // 6. Optional: Pre-render hot pages (TPR)
  if (options.experimentalTPR) {
    await runTPR({ root, coverage, limit, window });
  }
  
  // 7. Deploy via wrangler
  const url = runWranglerDeploy(root, options.preview);
  
  console.log(`Deployed to: ${url}`);
}

1. Project Detection

Scans your project to determine:

Router type: App Router vs Pages Router
ISR usage: Detects export const revalidate in pages
MDX usage: Checks for .mdx files or @next/mdx config
Native modules: Detects modules that need stubbing (@resvg/resvg-js, satori, etc.)
Existing config: Checks for wrangler.jsonc, worker/index.ts, vite.config.ts

2. Dependency Installation

Automatically installs required packages if missing:

@cloudflare/vite-plugin (always required)
wrangler (Cloudflare Workers CLI)
@vitejs/plugin-rsc (App Router only)
@mdx-js/rollup (if MDX detected)

// From deploy.ts:547-570
export function getMissingDeps(info: ProjectInfo): MissingDep[] {
  const missing: MissingDep[] = [];

  if (!info.hasCloudflarePlugin) {
    missing.push({ name: "@cloudflare/vite-plugin", version: "latest" });
  }
  if (!info.hasWrangler) {
    missing.push({ name: "wrangler", version: "latest" });
  }
  if (info.isAppRouter && !info.hasRscPlugin) {
    missing.push({ name: "@vitejs/plugin-rsc", version: "latest" });
  }
  if (info.hasMDX && !hasMdxRollup) {
    missing.push({ name: "@mdx-js/rollup", version: "latest" });
  }

  return missing;
}

3. ESM Configuration

Cloudflare Workers requires ESM. vinext automatically:

Renames CJS config files:
- next.config.js → next.config.cjs
- postcss.config.js → postcss.config.cjs
Adds "type": "module" to package.json

4. Config File Generation

Generates missing files:

wrangler.jsonc

Cloudflare Workers configuration:

{
  "$schema": "node_modules/wrangler/config-schema.json",
  "name": "my-app",
  "compatibility_date": "2026-02-25",
  "compatibility_flags": ["nodejs_compat"],
  "main": "./worker/index.ts",
  "assets": {
    "not_found_handling": "none",
    "binding": "ASSETS"
  },
  "images": {
    "binding": "IMAGES"
  }
}

If ISR is detected, adds KV namespace:

"kv_namespaces": [
  {
    "binding": "VINEXT_CACHE",
    "id": "<your-kv-namespace-id>"
  }
]

worker/index.ts (App Router)

Worker entry for App Router with image optimization:

import { handleImageOptimization } from "vinext/server/image-optimization";
import handler from "vinext/server/app-router-entry";

interface Env {
  ASSETS: Fetcher;
  IMAGES: {
    input(stream: ReadableStream): {
      transform(options: Record<string, unknown>): {
        output(options: { format: string; quality: number }): Promise<{ response(): Response }>;
      };
    };
  };
}

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    const url = new URL(request.url);

    // Image optimization via Cloudflare Images binding
    if (url.pathname === "/_vinext/image") {
      return handleImageOptimization(request, {
        fetchAsset: (path) => env.ASSETS.fetch(new Request(new URL(path, request.url))),
        transformImage: async (body, { width, format, quality }) => {
          const result = await env.IMAGES.input(body).transform(width > 0 ? { width } : {}).output({ format, quality });
          return result.response();
        },
      });
    }

    // Delegate everything else to vinext
    return handler.fetch(request);
  },
};

worker/index.ts (Pages Router)

Worker entry for Pages Router:

import { handleImageOptimization } from "vinext/server/image-optimization";

// @ts-expect-error — virtual module resolved by vinext at build time
import { renderPage, handleApiRoute } from "virtual:vinext-server-entry";

interface Env {
  ASSETS: Fetcher;
  IMAGES: { /* ... */ };
}

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    const url = new URL(request.url);
    const pathname = url.pathname;
    const urlWithQuery = pathname + url.search;

    // Block protocol-relative URL open redirect attacks (//evil.com/)
    if (pathname.startsWith("//")) {
      return new Response("404 Not Found", { status: 404 });
    }

    // Image optimization
    if (pathname === "/_vinext/image") {
      return handleImageOptimization(request, { /* ... */ });
    }

    // API routes
    if (pathname.startsWith("/api/") || pathname === "/api") {
      return await handleApiRoute(request, urlWithQuery);
    }

    // Page routes
    return await renderPage(request, urlWithQuery, null);
  },
};

vite.config.ts

Vite configuration with Cloudflare plugin:

import { defineConfig } from "vite";
import vinext from "vinext";
import { cloudflare } from "@cloudflare/vite-plugin";

export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [
    vinext(),
    cloudflare({
      viteEnvironment: {
        name: "rsc",
        childEnvironments: ["ssr"],
      },
    }),
  ],
});

If native modules are detected, adds stub aliases:

resolve: {
  alias: {
    "@resvg/resvg-js": path.resolve(__dirname, "empty-stub.js"),
    "satori": path.resolve(__dirname, "empty-stub.js"),
  },
},

5. Build for Workers

Runs the Vite build with Cloudflare-specific configuration:

// From deploy.ts:644-660
async function runBuild(info: ProjectInfo): Promise<void> {
  if (info.isAppRouter) {
    // Multi-environment build for App Router
    const builder = await createBuilder({ root: info.root });
    await builder.buildApp();
  } else {
    // Single build for Pages Router
    await build({ root: info.root });
  }
}

The @cloudflare/vite-plugin handles Worker-specific bundling.

6. Deploy via Wrangler

Executes wrangler deploy to publish to Cloudflare:

// From deploy.ts:664-694
function runWranglerDeploy(root: string, preview: boolean): string {
  const args = preview ? ["deploy", "--env", "preview"] : ["deploy"];
  const output = execSync(`wrangler ${args.join(" ")}`, {
    cwd: root,
    stdio: "pipe",
    encoding: "utf-8",
  });
  
  // Parse deployed URL from output
  const urlMatch = output.match(/https:\/\/[^\s]+\.workers\.dev[^\s]*/);
  return urlMatch ? urlMatch[0] : "(URL not detected)";
}

Examples

First Deployment

Deploy to production:

vinext deploy

Output:

vinext deploy  (Vite 6.0.0)

  Project: my-app
  Router:  App Router
  ISR:     none

  Installing: @cloudflare/vite-plugin, wrangler, @vitejs/plugin-rsc

  Created wrangler.jsonc
  Created worker/index.ts
  Created vite.config.ts
  Added "type": "module" to package.json

  Building for Cloudflare Workers...

  ✓ Built RSC environment in 3.2s
  ✓ Built SSR environment in 2.1s
  ✓ Built client environment in 4.5s

  Deploying to production...
  ✓ Published my-app (version_id: abc123)

  ─────────────────────────────────────────
  Deployed to: https://my-app.example.workers.dev
  ─────────────────────────────────────────

Preview Deployment

Deploy to preview environment for testing:

vinext deploy --preview

Creates a temporary preview URL: https://my-app-preview.example.workers.dev

Custom Worker Name

Deploy with a custom name:

vinext deploy --name my-custom-name

Dry Run (See What Would Be Generated)

vinext deploy --dry-run

Output:

  Project: my-app
  Router:  App Router
  ISR:     none

  Created wrangler.jsonc
  Created worker/index.ts
  Created vite.config.ts

  Dry run complete. Files generated but no build or deploy performed.

Skip Build (Deploy Existing Build)

Useful for quick redeployment:

vinext build
vinext deploy --skip-build

Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering

Pre-render hot pages based on analytics:

vinext deploy --experimental-tpr

With custom coverage target:

vinext deploy --experimental-tpr --tpr-coverage 95 --tpr-limit 500

ISR (Incremental Static Regeneration)

If your app uses ISR, vinext automatically:

Detects export const revalidate in pages
Adds KV namespace binding to wrangler.jsonc
Configures runtime cache handler

// app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx
export const revalidate = 3600; // Revalidate every hour

export default async function BlogPost({ params }) {
  const post = await fetchPost(params.slug);
  return <article>{post.content}</article>;
}

After deployment, you need to create the KV namespace:

wrangler kv:namespace create VINEXT_CACHE
# ➜  Created namespace "VINEXT_CACHE"
# ➜  ID: abc123def456

Update wrangler.jsonc:

{
  "kv_namespaces": [
    {
      "binding": "VINEXT_CACHE",
      "id": "abc123def456"
    }
  ]
}

Redeploy:

vinext deploy

Custom Domains

To use a custom domain:

Add your domain in Cloudflare dashboard
Add route to wrangler.jsonc:

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "pattern": "example.com/*",
      "custom_domain": true
    }
  ]
}

Deploy:

vinext deploy

Environment Variables

Set secrets using wrangler:

wrangler secret put DATABASE_URL
# Enter the secret value: postgresql://...

Or bulk upload from .env.production:

wrangler secret bulk .env.production

Access in your app:

// App Router: route handlers have access to env
export async function GET(request: Request, { env }) {
  const dbUrl = env.DATABASE_URL;
  // ...
}

CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions

name: Deploy to Cloudflare Workers

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20
      
      - run: npm ci
      
      - run: npx vinext deploy
        env:
          CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN }}

GitLab CI

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  image: node:20
  script:
    - npm ci
    - npx vinext deploy
  environment:
    name: production
    url: https://my-app.example.workers.dev
  only:
    - main

Troubleshooting

”No wrangler found”

vinext installs wrangler automatically, but if you see this error:

npm install -D wrangler
vinext deploy

“Invalid Worker name”

Worker names must be lowercase alphanumeric with hyphens:

# Invalid
vinext deploy --name My_App

# Valid
vinext deploy --name my-app

Build Fails with Native Module Error

Some native Node.js modules don’t work in Workers. vinext automatically stubs common ones:

@resvg/resvg-js
satori
lightningcss
@napi-rs/canvas
sharp

If you need a stubbed module, create empty-stub.js:

export default {};

Deploy Fails with “Unauthorized”

Set your Cloudflare API token:

export CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN=your_token_here
vinext deploy

Get a token from: https://dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens Required permissions:

Account.Workers Scripts (Edit)
Account.Workers KV Storage (Edit, if using ISR)

Pricing

Cloudflare Workers Free tier:

100,000 requests/day
10ms CPU time per request
Unlimited bandwidth
Unlimited storage (KV: 1GB free)

Paid tier ($5/month):

10 million requests/month (included)
50ms CPU time per request
$0.50 per million requests after
KV: 10GB included

Most Next.js apps stay within the free tier during development and small-scale production use.

CLI

Module Shims

Configuration

Cloudflare

Usage

Options

Experimental: Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering (TPR)

What It Does

1. Project Detection

2. Dependency Installation

3. ESM Configuration

4. Config File Generation

5. Build for Workers

6. Deploy via Wrangler

Examples

First Deployment

Preview Deployment

Custom Worker Name

Dry Run (See What Would Be Generated)

Skip Build (Deploy Existing Build)

Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering

ISR (Incremental Static Regeneration)

Custom Domains

Environment Variables

CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions

GitLab CI

Troubleshooting

”No wrangler found”

“Invalid Worker name”

Build Fails with Native Module Error

Deploy Fails with “Unauthorized”

Pricing

Next Steps

Cloudflare Deployment

check Command

CLI

Module Shims

Configuration

Cloudflare

Documentation Index

​Usage

​Options

​Experimental: Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering (TPR)

​What It Does

​1. Project Detection

​2. Dependency Installation

​3. ESM Configuration

​4. Config File Generation

​5. Build for Workers

​6. Deploy via Wrangler

​Examples

​First Deployment

​Preview Deployment

​Custom Worker Name

​Dry Run (See What Would Be Generated)

​Skip Build (Deploy Existing Build)

​Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering

​ISR (Incremental Static Regeneration)

​Custom Domains

​Environment Variables

​CI/CD Integration

​GitHub Actions

​GitLab CI

​Troubleshooting

​”No wrangler found”

​“Invalid Worker name”

​Build Fails with Native Module Error

​Deploy Fails with “Unauthorized”

​Pricing

​Next Steps

Cloudflare Deployment

check Command

Usage

Options

Experimental: Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering (TPR)

What It Does

1. Project Detection

2. Dependency Installation

3. ESM Configuration

4. Config File Generation

5. Build for Workers

6. Deploy via Wrangler

Examples

First Deployment

Preview Deployment

Custom Worker Name

Dry Run (See What Would Be Generated)

Skip Build (Deploy Existing Build)

Traffic-aware Pre-Rendering

ISR (Incremental Static Regeneration)

Custom Domains

Environment Variables

CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions

GitLab CI

Troubleshooting

”No wrangler found”

“Invalid Worker name”

Build Fails with Native Module Error

Deploy Fails with “Unauthorized”

Pricing

Next Steps